{ "slug": "testifying-or-speaking-at-a-public-hearing", "url": "https://checklists.org/c/testifying-or-speaking-at-a-public-hearing", "markdown": "https://checklists.org/c/testifying-or-speaking-at-a-public-hearing.md", "title": "Testifying or Speaking at a Public Hearing", "description": "What to do before, during, and after you speak at a public hearing so it goes smoothly.", "category": "life", "tags": [ "public-speaking", "civic-engagement", "government" ], "version": "1.0", "updated": "2026-09-04", "sources": [ { "name": "Tips for Testifying at Public Hearings (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health)", "url": "https://hsph.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Tips-for-Testifying-at-Public-Hearings.pdf" }, { "name": "How To Testify at a Public Legislative Hearing (Death with Dignity)", "url": "https://deathwithdignity.org/resources/how-to-testify-public-legislative-hearing/" }, { "name": "How to Testify at a Public Hearing (Wisconsin DCF)", "url": "https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/files/familyfirst/how-to-testify-at-a-public-hearing.pdf" }, { "name": "How to Testify at a Public Hearing (Boise County)", "url": "https://www.boisecounty.us/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/710HOWTOTESTIFY_00000010139.pdf" }, { "name": "A Guide To Public Hearings And Giving Testimony (MASSCreative)", "url": "https://www.mass-creative.org/learn/guide-for-hearings" }, { "name": "Tips for Attending a Public Hearing (TEACH CT)", "url": "https://www.teachct.org/resources/tips-for-testifying-at-a-public-hearing/" }, { "name": "How to write and deliver testimony at a public hearing (Conservation Voters)", "url": "https://conservationvoters.org/activist-toolkit/how-to-write-and-deliver-testimony-at-a-public-hearing" }, { "name": "How to Testify (DC Action)", "url": "https://wearedcaction.org/take-action/how-to-testify/" } ], "intro": "Whether it's a city council meeting, a zoning board, or a state legislative committee, speaking at a public hearing follows a similar rhythm everywhere: find out the rules, prepare something short and specific, show up early, and say your piece clearly when your turn comes. Here's how to get through it without surprises.", "itemCount": 30, "essentialCount": 8, "sections": [ { "title": "Before You Sign Up", "items": [ { "id": "1vgyr4g", "text": "Find the hearing's actual rules", "note": "Learn your legislature's guidelines for submitting public testimony, including the process for oral testimony (especially the time limits) before you write a word.", "essential": true }, { "id": "wjvt46", "text": "Confirm the date, time, location, and format", "note": "Verify hearing details, including date, time, location, and hearing rules (or changes in rules specific to your committee), since these can change close to the date.", "essential": true }, { "id": "1mf0mdr", "text": "Check whether you register in advance or on-site", "note": "Testimony sign up takes place online with a deadline usually the day before the hearing; others hand out a sign-up sheet or hearing slip when you arrive.", "when": "conditional" }, { "id": "fqvcer", "text": "Ask about virtual or written-only options", "note": "If you are unable to attend a hearing in person, you can ask if they will consider allowing virtual testimony.", "when": "conditional" }, { "id": "xdqq59", "text": "Request accommodations if you need them", "note": "Contact the committee clerk to request any special accommodations.", "when": "conditional" }, { "id": "wor8ei", "text": "Note the bill number or agenda item you're speaking on", "note": "Make sure to reference the correct bill number and lead sponsor, or the exact agenda item, so your comments are counted for the right matter.", "essential": true } ] }, { "title": "Preparing Your Remarks", "items": [ { "id": "87o609", "text": "Write it down, even if you'll speak from notes", "note": "A full written version helps you stay organized and gives you something to submit alongside your spoken remarks." }, { "id": "pt149p", "text": "Aim for about three minutes", "note": "A good guideline is 3 minutes per speaker, and one page of double spaced writing usually fills the 3 minutes." }, { "id": "1sc6uim", "text": "Open with who you are and why you're there", "note": "Start by recognizing the elected officials holding the hearing. Introduce yourself, the organization or business you are representing (if any), and where you live or work." }, { "id": "1d64sal", "text": "Lead with your position, not your background", "note": "State plainly whether you support, oppose, or want to flag concerns about the item, early in your remarks." }, { "id": "1662ldo", "text": "Make it personal and local", "note": "Keep it personal! Show how the issue affects you, your family, and friends. Specific, firsthand stories are more persuasive than general statistics." }, { "id": "cb9nt9", "text": "Stick to what you know firsthand", "note": "Do not testify about what you heard from your spouse, neighbor, grocer or barber. Testimony presented to a hearing body is expected to be truthful, free of innuendo and rumor.", "essential": true }, { "id": "11sw4vg", "text": "Cut it down, don't pad it out", "note": "Use your written testimony for ALL of the details and data you wish to present. Do NOT read it to the panel word for word — a focused story lands harder than a data dump." }, { "id": "15r38qy", "text": "End with a specific, simple ask", "note": "End with a strong statement asking the committee to take action, such as an action the elected officials can take like a specific vote or funding amount." }, { "id": "1sjbfne", "text": "Prepare for questions", "note": "Committee members may ask follow-up questions after your time is up, so think through the obvious ones in advance." }, { "id": "qrp2y4", "text": "Submit written testimony by the deadline", "note": "Submit your written testimony in advance according to the rules of your legislature. Missing it can mean it's not entered into the record at all.", "when": "if-required", "essential": true } ] }, { "title": "The Day Of", "items": [ { "id": "4nuii5", "text": "Arrive early", "note": "We encourage you to arrive early if interested in testifying as when you arrive can impact the order in which you're called." }, { "id": "1foo2ml", "text": "Dress neatly", "note": "Dress professionally when possible. You don't need a new suit, but casual business attire is appropriate." }, { "id": "1c0yiyx", "text": "Bring snacks, water, and a phone charger", "note": "It will be a long day, and outlets in the Legislative Office Building are limited.", "when": "conditional" }, { "id": "1gj3gon", "text": "Fill out your sign-up or hearing slip clearly", "note": "You will need to fill out a hearing slip with your name and whether you are testifying in favor, opposition, or for information only. Write your name legibly, so the chair can read it to call upon you.", "essential": true }, { "id": "hpf9zu", "text": "Expect to wait", "note": "The order of people testifying often moves around and you should expect to wait a while - potentially hours - for your turn to testify, whether in person or virtually. Plan accordingly." }, { "id": "1l5212o", "text": "Watch for procedural announcements", "note": "Public forums may start with an explanation of the rules, order of speakers, etc." } ] }, { "title": "While You're Speaking", "items": [ { "id": "ffwwld", "text": "State your name and, if relevant, your affiliation for the record", "note": "This is standard practice and needed for the official transcript.", "essential": true }, { "id": "por9lj", "text": "Speak to the time limit", "note": "Time limits are strict at most hearings; running over can get you cut off mid-sentence by the chair.", "essential": true }, { "id": "10qfyh7", "text": "Don't just repeat what's already been said", "note": "Sticking to your main points will help keep the attention of the panel." }, { "id": "e12yg8", "text": "Say if you're nervous", "note": "If you are nervous – say so! It humanizes you and breaks the ice!" }, { "id": "3firk", "text": "Leave a copy of your written remarks with the clerk", "note": "If you brought a fuller written statement, hand it in so it's part of the record even if you didn't read all of it aloud.", "when": "conditional" } ] }, { "title": "After You Speak", "items": [ { "id": "a4nthq", "text": "Note whether you're bound by lobbying rules", "note": "If you are invited to testify at a hearing by the chairs of the committee because of your expert knowledge on a topic or sector, it is not considered lobbying. However, you should refrain from supporting or opposing specific legislation during your testimony. Rules can differ if you're representing an organization versus speaking as yourself.", "when": "conditional" }, { "id": "gcegku", "text": "Follow up in writing if asked", "note": "If a committee member asked for information you couldn't provide on the spot, send it to the clerk promptly so it's added to the record." }, { "id": "1rxp3zb", "text": "Check the outcome", "note": "Look up the vote or decision after the hearing; many bodies post minutes or results publicly within a few days." } ] } ] }